Leprosy: demographic and clinical characteristics of patients of endemic area in Amazon Region
Abstract
Introduction: The hyperendemicity of leprosy in the northern region permeates regional aspects, including its large territorial extension and waterways, which make it difficult to access health and, consequently, control the disease. So that, the objective of this project is to describe the demographic and clinical profile of patients with leprosy and to evaluate their intradomiciliary contacts.
Methods and findings: Observational, descriptive study, type of case series, through interview and complementary analysis of the medical records of patients undergoing specific treatment and / or treatment of leprosy reactions followed at the Dermatology outpatient clinic of the University of the State of Pará, in the city of Belém-PA, from January 2015 to December 2017. With convenience sampling, we interviewed 83 patients that met the inclusion criteria and collected socioeconomic and demographic variables, as well as clinical aspects based on the Madrid classification. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were applied as: tables, graphs and statistical measures of position and Test G, with alpha significance = 0,05 and reliability of 95%. The predominance of males was observed (60.24%), the most affected age group was between 30 and 44 years old and the majority with incomplete secondary education. The predominant family income was up to 1 minimum wage. The most frequent clinical type was Virchowian (38 patients). Most of the patients did not present leprosy reaction and those who presented, the type 1 reaction was the most frequent and the nerve most affected was ulnar.
Conclusion: Prevalence of multibacillary cases is a reflex of late diagnosis. It is important that there be intensification of actions and monitoring and active search for new cases.
References
2. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Hanseníase. Boletim epidemiológico. 2018, 49 (4).
3. Albuquerque NC, Portal LC, Nogueira LMV, Rodrigues ILA. Busca ativa de hanseníase por meio de educação em saúde entre populações ribeirinhas. Rev Enferm UFPE. 2016; 10(7): 2634-40.
4. Lastoria JC, Abreu MAMM. Hanseníase: diagnóstico e tratamento. Diagn Tratam. 2012; 17(4): 173-9.
5. Campos MRM, Batista AVA, Guerreiro JV. Perfil Clínico-Epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase na Paraíba e no Brasil, 2008-2012. Rev Bras Cienc Saúde. 2018; 22(1): 83-90.
6. Talharis PGO, Goncalves HS, Oliveira MLW. Hanseníase. 4.ed. Manaus, Brasil: Dilivros; 2015.
7. Santos DAS, Silva LCVG, Spessatto LB, Melo LS, Neto LRC. Educando para o diagnóstico precoce da hanseníase no município de Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso. Extensio: Rev Eletr de Extensão. 2016; 13(23): 45-61.
8. Ferro DA. Ações estratégicas para diagnóstico e tratamento precoce da hanseníase na unidade de saúde da família Guarapes em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte [monografia]. Natal: Universidade Federal do Maranhão – UFMA; 2017.
9. Dos Santos DS, et al. Chemoprophylaxis of leprosy with rifampicin in contacts of multibacillary patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Search database. 2018 [acesso em 2018 maio 17]. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.
10. Abraçado MFS, Da Cunha MHCM. Adesão ao tratamento de hanseníase em pacientes com episódios reacionais hansênicos em uma unidade de referência. Rev Pan-Amaz Saúde. 2015; 6(2).
11. Miranzi SSC, Pereira LHM, Nunes AA. Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase em um município brasileiro, no período de 2000 a 2006. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2010; 43(1): 62-67.
12. Romao ER, Mazzoni AM. Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase no município de Guarulhos, São Paulo. Rev Epidemiol Control Infecto. 2013; 3(1).
13. Simoes MJS, Delello D. Estudo do comportamento social dos pacientes de hanseníase do município de São Carlos, São Paulo. Rev Esp para Saúde. 2005; 7(1):
14. Avelino, AP et al. Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase no período de 2009 a 2013 no município de Montes Claros (MG). Rev Soc Bras Clín Méd, v. 13, n. 3, p. 180-4, 2015.
15. Brito KKG, Araujo DAL, Uchoa REMN, Ferreira JDL, Soares MJGO, Lima JO. Epidemiologia da hanseníase em um estado do nordeste brasileiro. Rev Enferm UFPE online. 2014; 8(8): 2686-93.
16. Faria L, Calabria LK. Aspectos históricos e epidemiológicos da hanseníase em Minas Gerais. Rev Med Saúde Brasília. 2017; 6(3): 406-24.
17. Garbino JA, Junior WMA. A neuropatia da hanseníase. In: Alvez ED, Ferreira TL, Ferreira IN. Hanseníase Avanços e desafios. Brasília: Núcleo de Estudos em Educação e Promoção da Saúde – NESPROM/UnB; 2014. p. 215-228.
18. Sobrinho SK, Mattos ED. Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com hanseníase no município de Londrina, Paraná. UNOPAR Cient Cienc Biol Saúde. 2009; 11(4): 9-14.
19. Lima MM, Aguilar AMM. Perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase em um município de Minas Gerais: Uma análise retrospectiva. Rev Pre Infec e Saúde. 2015; 1(3): 1-9.
20. Rocha CA. Caracterização dos comunicantes em um ambulatório de referência para hanseníase na cidade de Salvador-Bahia [dissertação]. Salvador: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Bahia; 2016.
21. Peixoto BKS, Figueiredo IA, Caldas AJM, Correa RGCF, Aquino DMC. Aspectos epidemiológicos dos contatos de hanseníase no município de São Luís, Maranhão. Hansenol int online. 2011 [acesso em 2018 maio 17]. Disponível em: http://www.ilsl.br/revista/detalhe_artigo.php?id=11559.
22. Barreto ML, Pereira SM, Ferreira AA. Vacina BCG: eficácia e indicações da vacinação e da revacinação. J Pediatric. 2016; 82(3).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright policies & self-archiving
We are a RoMEO green journal.
Author's Pre-print: 
author can archive pre-print (ie pre-refereeing)
Author's Post-print: author can archive post-print (ie final draft post-refereeing)
Publisher's Version/PDF: author can archive publisher's version/PDF
Copyright ownership
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access and Benefits of Publishing Open Access).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Articles are published Under License of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License © Copyright Policy
Any permissions should be requested to PLSclear.com
